Pillar-beam structures prevent layered cathode materials from destructive phase transitions

Yuesheng Wang (), Zimin Feng, Peixin Cui, Wen Zhu, Yue Gong, Marc-André Girard, Gilles Lajoie, Julie Trottier, Qinghua Zhang, Lin Gu (), Yan Wang (), Wenhua Zuo, Yong Yang, John B. Goodenough and Karim Zaghib ()
Additional contact information
Yuesheng Wang: Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage, Hydro Québec, 1800 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes
Zimin Feng: Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage, Hydro Québec, 1800 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes
Peixin Cui: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wen Zhu: Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage, Hydro Québec, 1800 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes
Yue Gong: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Marc-André Girard: Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage, Hydro Québec, 1800 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes
Gilles Lajoie: Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage, Hydro Québec, 1800 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes
Julie Trottier: Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage, Hydro Québec, 1800 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes
Qinghua Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lin Gu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yan Wang: Samsung Research America
Wenhua Zuo: Xiamen University
Yong Yang: Xiamen University
John B. Goodenough: The University of Texas at Austin
Karim Zaghib: Center of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage, Hydro Québec, 1800 Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Energy storage with high energy density and low cost has been the subject of a decades-long pursuit. Sodium-ion batteries are well expected because they utilize abundant resources. However, the lack of competent cathodes with both large capacities and long cycle lives prevents the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries. Conventional cathodes with hexagonal-P2-type structures suffer from structural degradations when the sodium content falls below 33%, or when the integral anions participate in gas evolution reactions. Here, we show a “pillar-beam” structure for sodium-ion battery cathodes where a few inert potassium ions uphold the layer-structured framework, while the working sodium ions could diffuse freely. The thus-created unorthodox orthogonal-P2 K0.4[Ni0.2Mn0.8]O2 cathode delivers a capacity of 194 mAh/g at 0.1 C, a rate capacity of 84% at 1 C, and an 86% capacity retention after 500 cycles at 1 C. The addition of the potassium ions boosts simultaneously the energy density and the cycle life.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20169-1

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