Experimental validation of a modeling framework for upconversion enhancement in 1D-photonic crystals

Clarissa L. M. Hofmann (), Stefan Fischer, Emil H. Eriksen, Benedikt Bläsi, Christian Reitz, Deniz Yazicioglu, Ian A. Howard, Bryce S. Richards and Jan Christoph Goldschmidt
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Clarissa L. M. Hofmann: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems
Stefan Fischer: Stanford University
Emil H. Eriksen: Aarhus University
Benedikt Bläsi: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems
Christian Reitz: Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Deniz Yazicioglu: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems
Ian A. Howard: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Bryce S. Richards: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
Jan Christoph Goldschmidt: Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Photonic structures can be designed to tailor luminescence properties of materials, which becomes particularly interesting for non-linear phenomena, such as photon upconversion. However, there is no adequate theoretical framework to optimize photonic structure designs for upconversion enhancement. Here, we present a comprehensive theoretical model describing photonic effects on upconversion and confirm the model’s predictions by experimental realization of 1D-photonic upconverter devices with large statistics and parameter scans. The measured upconversion photoluminescence enhancement reaches 82 ± 24% of the simulated enhancement, in the mean of 2480 separate measurements, scanning the irradiance and the excitation wavelength on 40 different sample designs. Additionally, the trends expected from the modeled interaction of photonic energy density enhancement, local density of optical states and internal upconversion dynamics, are clearly validated in all experimentally performed parameter scans. Our simulation tool now opens the possibility of precisely designing photonic structure designs for various upconverting materials and applications.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20305-x

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