A persistently low level of atmospheric oxygen in Earth’s middle age

Xiao-Ming Liu (), Linda C. Kah, Andrew H. Knoll, Huan Cui, Chao Wang, Andrey Bekker and Robert M. Hazen
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Xiao-Ming Liu: University of North Carolina
Linda C. Kah: University of Tennessee
Andrew H. Knoll: Harvard University
Huan Cui: University of Toronto
Chao Wang: University of North Carolina
Andrey Bekker: University of California
Robert M. Hazen: Carnegie Institution for Science

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Resolving how Earth surface redox conditions evolved through the Proterozoic Eon is fundamental to understanding how biogeochemical cycles have changed through time. The redox sensitivity of cerium relative to other rare earth elements and its uptake in carbonate minerals make the Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce*) a particularly useful proxy for capturing redox conditions in the local marine environment. Here, we report Ce/Ce* data in marine carbonate rocks through 3.5 billion years of Earth’s history, focusing in particular on the mid-Proterozoic Eon (i.e., 1.8 – 0.8 Ga). To better understand the role of atmospheric oxygenation, we use Ce/Ce* data to estimate the partial pressure of atmospheric oxygen (pO2) through this time. Our thermodynamics-based modeling supports a major rise in atmospheric oxygen level in the aftermath of the Great Oxidation Event (~ 2.4 Ga), followed by invariant pO2 of about 1% of present atmospheric level through most of the Proterozoic Eon (2.4 to 0.65 Ga).

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20484-7

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