Tan’s two-body contact across the superfluid transition of a planar Bose gas

Y.-Q. Zou, B. Bakkali-Hassani, C. Maury, É. Cerf, S. Nascimbene, J. Dalibard and J. Beugnon ()
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Y.-Q. Zou: Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université
B. Bakkali-Hassani: Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université
C. Maury: Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université
É. Cerf: Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université
S. Nascimbene: Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université
J. Dalibard: Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université
J. Beugnon: Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Tan’s contact is a quantity that unifies many different properties of a low-temperature gas with short-range interactions, from its momentum distribution to its spatial two-body correlation function. Here, we use a Ramsey interferometric method to realize experimentally the thermodynamic definition of the two-body contact, i.e., the change of the internal energy in a small modification of the scattering length. Our measurements are performed on a uniform two-dimensional Bose gas of 87Rb atoms across the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless superfluid transition. They connect well to the theoretical predictions in the limiting cases of a strongly degenerate fluid and of a normal gas. They also provide the variation of this key quantity in the critical region, where further theoretical efforts are needed to account for our findings.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20647-6

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