Caveolae-mediated Tie2 signaling contributes to CCM pathogenesis in a brain endothelial cell-specific Pdcd10-deficient mouse model

Huanjiao Jenny Zhou (), Lingfeng Qin, Quan Jiang, Katie N. Murray, Haifeng Zhang, Busu Li, Qun Lin, Morven Graham, Xinran Liu, Jaime Grutzendler and Wang Min ()
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Huanjiao Jenny Zhou: Yale University School of Medicine
Lingfeng Qin: Yale University School of Medicine
Quan Jiang: Yale University School of Medicine
Katie N. Murray: Yale University School of Medicine
Haifeng Zhang: Yale University School of Medicine
Busu Li: Yale University School of Medicine
Qun Lin: Yale University School of Medicine
Morven Graham: Yale University School of Medicine
Xinran Liu: Yale University School of Medicine
Jaime Grutzendler: Yale University School of Medicine
Wang Min: Yale University School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-22

Abstract: Abstract Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are vascular abnormalities that primarily occur in adulthood and cause cerebral hemorrhage, stroke, and seizures. CCMs are thought to be initiated by endothelial cell (EC) loss of any one of the three Ccm genes: CCM1 (KRIT1), CCM2 (OSM), or CCM3 (PDCD10). Here we report that mice with a brain EC-specific deletion of Pdcd10 (Pdcd10BECKO) survive up to 6-12 months and develop bona fide CCM lesions in all regions of brain, allowing us to visualize the vascular dynamics of CCM lesions using transcranial two-photon microscopy. This approach reveals that CCMs initiate from protrusion at the level of capillary and post-capillary venules with gradual dissociation of pericytes. Microvascular beds in lesions are hyper-permeable, and these disorganized structures present endomucin-positive ECs and α-smooth muscle actin-positive pericytes. Caveolae in the endothelium of Pdcd10BECKO lesions are drastically increased, enhancing Tie2 signaling in Ccm3-deficient ECs. Moreover, genetic deletion of caveolin-1 or pharmacological blockade of Tie2 signaling effectively normalizes microvascular structure and barrier function with attenuated EC-pericyte disassociation and CCM lesion formation in Pdcd10BECKO mice. Our study establishes a chronic CCM model and uncovers a mechanism by which CCM3 mutation-induced caveolae-Tie2 signaling contributes to CCM pathogenesis.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20774-0

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