Distinct mechanisms control genome recognition by p53 at its target genes linked to different cell fates

Marina Farkas, Hideharu Hashimoto, Yingtao Bi, Ramana V. Davuluri, Lois Resnick-Silverman, James J. Manfredi, Erik W. Debler and Steven B. McMahon ()
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Marina Farkas: Thomas Jefferson University
Hideharu Hashimoto: Thomas Jefferson University
Yingtao Bi: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Ramana V. Davuluri: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Lois Resnick-Silverman: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
James J. Manfredi: Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Erik W. Debler: Thomas Jefferson University
Steven B. McMahon: Thomas Jefferson University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The tumor suppressor p53 integrates stress response pathways by selectively engaging one of several potential transcriptomes, thereby triggering cell fate decisions (e.g., cell cycle arrest, apoptosis). Foundational to this process is the binding of tetrameric p53 to 20-bp response elements (REs) in the genome (RRRCWWGYYYN0-13RRRCWWGYYY). In general, REs at cell cycle arrest targets (e.g. p21) are of higher affinity than those at apoptosis targets (e.g., BAX). However, the RE sequence code underlying selectivity remains undeciphered. Here, we identify molecular mechanisms mediating p53 binding to high- and low-affinity REs by showing that key determinants of the code are embedded in the DNA shape. We further demonstrate that differences in minor/major groove widths, encoded by G/C or A/T bp content at positions 3, 8, 13, and 18 in the RE, determine distinct p53 DNA-binding modes by inducing different Arg248 and Lys120 conformations and interactions. The predictive capacity of this code was confirmed in vivo using genome editing at the BAX RE to interconvert the DNA-binding modes, transcription pattern, and cell fate outcome.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20783-z

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