Homodyne-based quantum random number generator at 2.9 Gbps secure against quantum side-information

Tobias Gehring (), Cosmo Lupo, Arne Kordts, Dino Solar Nikolic, Nitin Jain, Tobias Rydberg, Thomas B. Pedersen, Stefano Pirandola and Ulrik L. Andersen ()
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Tobias Gehring: Technical University of Denmark
Cosmo Lupo: University of York
Arne Kordts: Technical University of Denmark
Dino Solar Nikolic: Technical University of Denmark
Nitin Jain: Technical University of Denmark
Tobias Rydberg: Technical University of Denmark
Thomas B. Pedersen: Cryptomathic A/S
Stefano Pirandola: University of York
Ulrik L. Andersen: Technical University of Denmark

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Quantum random number generators promise perfectly unpredictable random numbers. A popular approach to quantum random number generation is homodyne measurements of the vacuum state, the ground state of the electro-magnetic field. Here we experimentally implement such a quantum random number generator, and derive a security proof that considers quantum side-information instead of classical side-information only. Based on the assumptions of Gaussianity and stationarity of noise processes, our security analysis furthermore includes correlations between consecutive measurement outcomes due to finite detection bandwidth, as well as analog-to-digital converter imperfections. We characterize our experimental realization by bounding measured parameters of the stochastic model determining the min-entropy of the system’s measurement outcomes, and we demonstrate a real-time generation rate of 2.9 Gbit/s. Our generator follows a trusted, device-dependent, approach. By treating side-information quantum mechanically an important restriction on adversaries is removed, which usually was reserved to semi-device-independent and device-independent schemes.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20813-w

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