Multifunctional evolution of B and AGL6 MADS box genes in orchids

Hsing-Fun Hsu, Wei-Han Chen, Yi-Hsuan Shen, Wei-Han Hsu, Wan-Ting Mao and Chang-Hsien Yang ()
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Hsing-Fun Hsu: National Chung Hsing University
Wei-Han Chen: National Chung Hsing University
Yi-Hsuan Shen: National Chung Hsing University
Wei-Han Hsu: National Chung Hsing University
Wan-Ting Mao: National Chung Hsing University
Chang-Hsien Yang: National Chung Hsing University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract We previously found that B and AGL6 proteins form L (OAP3-2/OAGL6-2/OPI) and SP (OAP3-1/OAGL6-1/OPI) complexes to determine lip/sepal/petal identities in orchids. Here, we show that the functional L’ (OAP3-1/OAGL6-2/OPI) and SP’ (OAP3-2/OAGL6-1/OPI) complexes likely exist and AP3/PI/AGL6 genes have acquired additional functions during evolution. We demonstrate that the presumed L’ complex changes the structure of the lower lateral sepals and helps the lips fit properly in the center of the flower. In addition, we find that OAP3-1/OAGL6-1/OPI in SP along with presumed SP’ complexes regulate anthocyanin accumulation and pigmentation, whereas presumed L’ along with OAP3-2/OAGL6-2/OPI in L complexes promotes red spot formation in the perianth. Furthermore, the B functional proteins OAP3-1/OPI and OAGL6-1 in the SP complex could function separately to suppress sepal/petal senescence and promote pedicel abscission, respectively. These findings expand the current knowledge behind the multifunctional evolution of the B and AGL6 genes in plants.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21229-w

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