All-optical switching of an epsilon-near-zero plasmon resonance in indium tin oxide

Justus Bohn (), Ting Shan Luk, Craig Tollerton, Sam W. Hutchings, Igal Brener, Simon Horsley, William L. Barnes and Euan Hendry
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Justus Bohn: University of Exeter
Ting Shan Luk: Sandia National Laboratories
Craig Tollerton: University of Exeter
Sam W. Hutchings: University of Exeter
Igal Brener: Sandia National Laboratories
Simon Horsley: University of Exeter
William L. Barnes: University of Exeter
Euan Hendry: University of Exeter

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Nonlinear optical devices and their implementation into modern nanophotonic architectures are constrained by their usually moderate nonlinear response. Recently, epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials have been found to have a strong optical nonlinearity, which can be enhanced through the use of cavities or nano-structuring. Here, we study the pump dependent properties of the plasmon resonance in the ENZ region in a thin layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). Exciting this mode using the Kretschmann-Raether configuration, we study reflection switching properties of a 60 nm layer close to the resonant plasmon frequency. We demonstrate a thermal switching mechanism, which results in a shift in the plasmon resonance frequency of 20 THz for a TM pump intensity of 70 GW cm−2. For degenerate pump and probe frequencies, we highlight an additional two-beam coupling contribution, not previously isolated in ENZ nonlinear optics studies, which leads to an overall pump induced change in reflection from 1% to 45%.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21332-y

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