Towards plant resistance to viruses using protein-only RNase P

Anthony Gobert (), Yifat Quan, Mathilde Arrivé, Florent Waltz, Nathalie Silva, Lucile Jomat, Mathias Cohen, Isabelle Jupin () and Philippe Giegé ()
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Anthony Gobert: Université de Strasbourg
Yifat Quan: Université de Strasbourg
Mathilde Arrivé: Université de Strasbourg
Florent Waltz: Université de Strasbourg
Nathalie Silva: Université de Paris
Lucile Jomat: Université de Paris
Mathias Cohen: Université de Paris
Isabelle Jupin: Université de Paris
Philippe Giegé: Université de Strasbourg

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Plant viruses cause massive crop yield loss worldwide. Most plant viruses are RNA viruses, many of which contain a functional tRNA-like structure. RNase P has the enzymatic activity to catalyze the 5′ maturation of precursor tRNAs. It is also able to cleave tRNA-like structures. However, RNase P enzymes only accumulate in the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts rather than cytosol where virus replication takes place. Here, we report a biotechnology strategy based on the re-localization of plant protein-only RNase P to the cytosol (CytoRP) to target plant viruses tRNA-like structures and thus hamper virus replication. We demonstrate the cytosol localization of protein-only RNase P in Arabidopsis protoplasts. In addition, we provide in vitro evidences for CytoRP to cleave turnip yellow mosaic virus and oilseed rape mosaic virus. However, we observe varied in vivo results. The possible reasons have been discussed. Overall, the results provided here show the potential of using CytoRP for combating some plant viral diseases.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21338-6

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