Innate cell profiles during the acute and convalescent phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children

Melanie R. Neeland (), Samantha Bannister, Vanessa Clifford, Kate Dohle, Kim Mulholland, Philip Sutton, Nigel Curtis, Andrew C. Steer, David P. Burgner, Nigel W. Crawford, Shidan Tosif and Richard Saffery
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Melanie R. Neeland: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Samantha Bannister: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Vanessa Clifford: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Kate Dohle: The University of Melbourne
Kim Mulholland: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Philip Sutton: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Nigel Curtis: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Andrew C. Steer: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
David P. Burgner: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Nigel W. Crawford: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Shidan Tosif: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Richard Saffery: Murdoch Children’s Research Institute

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-5

Abstract: Abstract Children have mild severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) confirmed disease (COVID-19) compared to adults and the immunological mechanisms underlying this difference remain unclear. Here, we report acute and convalescent innate immune responses in 48 children and 70 adults infected with, or exposed to, SARS-CoV-2. We find clinically mild SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is characterised by reduced circulating subsets of monocytes (classical, intermediate, non-classical), dendritic cells and natural killer cells during the acute phase. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2-infected adults show reduced proportions of non-classical monocytes only. We also observe increased proportions of CD63+ activated neutrophils during the acute phase to SARS-CoV-2 in infected children. Children and adults exposed to SARS-CoV-2 but negative on PCR testing display increased proportions of low-density neutrophils that we observe up to 7 weeks post exposure. This study characterises the innate immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection and household exposure in children.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21414-x

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