Extreme isotopic heterogeneity in Samoan clinopyroxenes constrains sediment recycling

Jenna V. Adams (), Matthew G. Jackson, Frank J. Spera, Allison A. Price, Benjamin L. Byerly, Gareth Seward and John M. Cottle
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Jenna V. Adams: University of California Santa Barbara
Matthew G. Jackson: University of California Santa Barbara
Frank J. Spera: University of California Santa Barbara
Allison A. Price: University of California Santa Barbara
Benjamin L. Byerly: University of California Santa Barbara
Gareth Seward: University of California Santa Barbara
John M. Cottle: University of California Santa Barbara

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Lavas erupted at hotspot volcanoes provide evidence of mantle heterogeneity. Samoan Island lavas with high 87Sr/86Sr (>0.706) typify a mantle source incorporating ancient subducted sediments. To further characterize this source, we target a single high 87Sr/86Sr lava from Savai’i Island, Samoa for detailed analyses of 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd isotopes and major and trace elements on individual magmatic clinopyroxenes. We show the clinopyroxenes exhibit a remarkable range of 87Sr/86Sr—including the highest observed in an oceanic hotspot lava—encompassing ~30% of the oceanic mantle’s total variability. These new isotopic data, data from other Samoan lavas, and magma mixing calculations are consistent with clinopyroxene 87Sr/86Sr variability resulting from magma mixing between a high silica, high 87Sr/86Sr (up to 0.7316) magma, and a low silica, low 87Sr/86Sr magma. Results provide insight into the composition of magmas derived from a sediment-infiltrated mantle source and document the fate of sediment recycled into Earth’s mantle.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21416-9

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