Single-molecule long-read sequencing reveals a conserved intact long RNA profile in sperm

Yu H. Sun, Anqi Wang, Chi Song, Goutham Shankar, Rajesh K. Srivastava, Kin Fai Au () and Xin Zhiguo Li ()
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Yu H. Sun: University of Rochester Medical Center
Anqi Wang: University of Iowa
Chi Song: The Ohio State University
Goutham Shankar: University of Rochester Medical Center
Rajesh K. Srivastava: University of Rochester Medical Center
Kin Fai Au: University of Iowa
Xin Zhiguo Li: University of Rochester Medical Center

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Sperm contributes diverse RNAs to the zygote. While sperm small RNAs have been shown to impact offspring phenotypes, our knowledge of the sperm transcriptome, especially the composition of long RNAs, has been limited by the lack of sensitive, high-throughput experimental techniques that can distinguish intact RNAs from fragmented RNAs, known to abound in sperm. Here, we integrate single-molecule long-read sequencing with short-read sequencing to detect sperm intact RNAs (spiRNAs). We identify 3440 spiRNA species in mice and 4100 in humans. The spiRNA profile consists of both mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, is evolutionarily conserved between mice and humans, and displays an enrichment in mRNAs encoding for ribosome. In sum, we characterize the landscape of intact long RNAs in sperm, paving the way for future studies on their biogenesis and functions. Our experimental and bioinformatics approaches can be applied to other tissues and organisms to detect intact transcripts.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21524-6

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