Integrated avalanche photodetectors for visible light

Salih Yanikgonul, Victor Leong (), Jun Rong Ong (), Ting Hu, Shawn Yohanes Siew, Ching Eng Png and Leonid Krivitsky
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Salih Yanikgonul: Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Victor Leong: Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Jun Rong Ong: Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Ting Hu: Institute of Microelectronics, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Shawn Yohanes Siew: Advanced Micro Foundry
Ching Eng Png: Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Leonid Krivitsky: Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Integrated photodetectors are essential components of scalable photonics platforms for quantum and classical applications. However, most efforts in the development of such devices to date have been focused on infrared telecommunications wavelengths. Here, we report the first monolithically integrated avalanche photodetector (APD) for visible light. Our devices are based on a doped silicon rib waveguide with a novel end-fire input coupling to a silicon nitride waveguide. We demonstrate a high gain-bandwidth product of 234 ± 25 GHz at 20 V reverse bias measured for 685 nm input light, with a low dark current of 0.12 μA. We also observe open eye diagrams at up to 56 Gbps. This performance is very competitive when benchmarked against other integrated APDs operating in the infrared range. With CMOS-compatible fabrication and integrability with silicon photonic platforms, our devices are attractive for sensing, imaging, communications, and quantum applications at visible wavelengths.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22046-x

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