Axonal chemokine-like Orion induces astrocyte infiltration and engulfment during mushroom body neuronal remodeling

Ana Boulanger (), Camille Thinat, Stephan Züchner, Lee G. Fradkin, Hugues Lortat-Jacob and Jean-Maurice Dura ()
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Ana Boulanger: Univ Montpellier
Camille Thinat: Univ Montpellier
Stephan Züchner: University of Miami
Lee G. Fradkin: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Hugues Lortat-Jacob: Université Grenoble Alpes
Jean-Maurice Dura: Univ Montpellier

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The remodeling of neurons is a conserved fundamental mechanism underlying nervous system maturation and function. Astrocytes can clear neuronal debris and they have an active role in neuronal remodeling. Developmental axon pruning of Drosophila memory center neurons occurs via a degenerative process mediated by infiltrating astrocytes. However, how astrocytes are recruited to the axons during brain development is unclear. Using an unbiased screen, we identify the gene requirement of orion, encoding for a chemokine-like protein, in the developing mushroom bodies. Functional analysis shows that Orion is necessary for both axonal pruning and removal of axonal debris. Orion performs its functions extracellularly and bears some features common to chemokines, a family of chemoattractant cytokines. We propose that Orion is a neuronal signal that elicits astrocyte infiltration and astrocyte-driven axonal engulfment required during neuronal remodeling in the Drosophila developing brain.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22054-x

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