Incommensurate smectic phase in close proximity to the high-Tc superconductor FeSe/SrTiO3

Yonghao Yuan, Xuemin Fan, Xintong Wang, Ke He, Yan Zhang, Qi-Kun Xue () and Wei Li ()
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Yonghao Yuan: Tsinghua University
Xuemin Fan: Tsinghua University
Xintong Wang: Tsinghua University
Ke He: Tsinghua University
Yan Zhang: Peking University
Qi-Kun Xue: Tsinghua University
Wei Li: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Superconductivity is significantly enhanced in monolayer FeSe grown on SrTiO3, but not for multilayer films, in which large strength of nematicity develops. However, the link between the high-transition temperature superconductivity in monolayer and the correlation related nematicity in multilayer FeSe films is not well understood. Here, we use low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy to study few-layer FeSe thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. We observe an incommensurate long-range smectic phase, which solely appears in bilayer FeSe films. The smectic order still locally exists and gradually fades away with increasing film thickness, while it suddenly vanishes in monolayer FeSe, indicative of an abrupt smectic phase transition. Surface alkali-metal doping can suppress the smectic phase and induce high-Tc superconductivity in bilayer FeSe. Our observations provide evidence that the monolayer FeSe is in close proximity to the smectic phase, and its superconductivity is likely enhanced by this electronic instability as well.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22516-2

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