The Chinese mitten crab genome provides insights into adaptive plasticity and developmental regulation

Zhaoxia Cui (), Yuan Liu, Jianbo Yuan, Xiaojun Zhang, Tomer Ventura, Ka Yan Ma, Shuai Sun, Chengwen Song, Dongliang Zhan, Yanan Yang, Hourong Liu, Guangyi Fan, Qingle Cai, Jing Du, Jing Qin, Chengcheng Shi, Shijie Hao, Quinn P. Fitzgibbon, Gregory G. Smith, Jianhai Xiang, Tin-Yam Chan, Min Hui, Chenchang Bao, Fuhua Li () and Ka Hou Chu ()
Additional contact information
Zhaoxia Cui: Ningbo University
Yuan Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jianbo Yuan: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaojun Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tomer Ventura: University of the Sunshine Coast
Ka Yan Ma: The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Shuai Sun: BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen
Chengwen Song: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Dongliang Zhan: 1GENE
Yanan Yang: Ningbo University
Hourong Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Guangyi Fan: BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen
Qingle Cai: 1GENE
Jing Du: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jing Qin: The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Chengcheng Shi: BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen
Shijie Hao: BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen
Quinn P. Fitzgibbon: University of Tasmania
Gregory G. Smith: University of Tasmania
Jianhai Xiang: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tin-Yam Chan: National Taiwan Ocean University
Min Hui: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chenchang Bao: Ningbo University
Fuhua Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ka Hou Chu: The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract The infraorder Brachyura (true or short-tailed crabs) represents a successful group of marine invertebrates yet with limited genomic resources. Here we report a chromosome-anchored reference genome and transcriptomes of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, a catadromous crab and invasive species with wide environmental tolerance, strong osmoregulatory capacity and high fertility. We show the expansion of specific gene families in the crab, including F-ATPase, which enhances our knowledge on the adaptive plasticity of this successful invasive species. Our analysis of spatio-temporal transcriptomes and the genome of E. sinensis and other decapods shows that brachyurization development is associated with down-regulation of Hox genes at the megalopa stage when tail shortening occurs. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism regulating sexual development is achieved by integrated analysis of multiple omics. These genomic resources significantly expand the gene repertoire of Brachyura, and provide insights into the biology of this group, and Crustacea in general.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22604-3

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