Odd Willis coupling induced by broken time-reversal symmetry

Li Quan, Simon Yves, Yugui Peng, Hussein Esfahlani and Andrea Alù ()
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Li Quan: The University of Texas at Austin
Simon Yves: City University of New York
Yugui Peng: City University of New York
Hussein Esfahlani: City University of New York
Andrea Alù: The University of Texas at Austin

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract When sound interacts with geometrically asymmetric structures, it experiences coupling between pressure and particle velocity, known as Willis coupling. While in most instances this phenomenon is perturbative in nature, tailored asymmetries combined with resonances can largely enhance it, enabling exotic acoustic phenomena. In these systems, Willis coupling obeys reciprocity, imposing an even symmetry of the Willis coefficients with respect to time reversal and the impinging wave vector, which translates into stringent constraints on the overall scattering response. In this work, we introduce and experimentally observe a dual form of acoustic Willis coupling, arising in geometrically symmetric structures when time-reversal symmetry is broken, for which the pressure-velocity coupling is purely odd-symmetric. We derive the conditions to maximize this effect, we experimentally verify it in a symmetric subwavelength scatterer biased by angular momentum, and we demonstrate the opportunities for sound scattering enabled by odd Willis coupling. Our study opens directions for acoustic metamaterials, with direct implications for sound control, non-reciprocal scattering, wavefront shaping and signal routing, of broad interest also for nano-optics, photonics, elasto-dynamics, and mechanics.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22745-5

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