Non-invasive, opsin-free mid-infrared modulation activates cortical neurons and accelerates associative learning

Jianxiong Zhang, Yong He, Shanshan Liang, Xiang Liao, Tong Li, Zhi Qiao, Chao Chang (), Hongbo Jia () and Xiaowei Chen ()
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Jianxiong Zhang: Third Military Medical University
Yong He: National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology
Shanshan Liang: Third Military Medical University
Xiang Liao: Chongqing University
Tong Li: Third Military Medical University
Zhi Qiao: National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology
Chao Chang: National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology
Hongbo Jia: Guangxi University
Xiaowei Chen: Third Military Medical University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Neurostimulant drugs or magnetic/electrical stimulation techniques can overcome attention deficits, but these drugs or techniques are weakly beneficial in boosting the learning capabilities of healthy subjects. Here, we report a stimulation technique, mid-infrared modulation (MIM), that delivers mid-infrared light energy through the opened skull or even non-invasively through a thinned intact skull and can activate brain neurons in vivo without introducing any exogeneous gene. Using c-Fos immunohistochemistry, in vivo single-cell electrophysiology and two-photon Ca2+ imaging in mice, we demonstrate that MIM significantly induces firing activities of neurons in the targeted cortical area. Moreover, mice that receive MIM targeting to the auditory cortex during an auditory associative learning task exhibit a faster learning speed (~50% faster) than control mice. Together, this non-invasive, opsin-free MIM technique is demonstrated with potential for modulating neuronal activity.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23025-y

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