Imaging-based spectrometer-less optofluidic biosensors based on dielectric metasurfaces for detecting extracellular vesicles

Yasaman Jahani, Eduardo R. Arvelo, Filiz Yesilkoy, Kirill Koshelev, Chiara Cianciaruso, Michele De Palma, Yuri Kivshar and Hatice Altug ()
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Yasaman Jahani: Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Eduardo R. Arvelo: Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Filiz Yesilkoy: University of Wisconsin–Madison
Kirill Koshelev: Australian National University
Chiara Cianciaruso: Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Michele De Palma: Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Yuri Kivshar: Australian National University
Hatice Altug: Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Biosensors are indispensable tools for public, global, and personalized healthcare as they provide tests that can be used from early disease detection and treatment monitoring to preventing pandemics. We introduce single-wavelength imaging biosensors capable of reconstructing spectral shift information induced by biomarkers dynamically using an advanced data processing technique based on an optimal linear estimator. Our method achieves superior sensitivity without wavelength scanning or spectroscopy instruments. We engineered diatomic dielectric metasurfaces supporting bound states in the continuum that allows high-quality resonances with accessible near-fields by in-plane symmetry breaking. The large-area metasurface chips are configured as microarrays and integrated with microfluidics on an imaging platform for real-time detection of breast cancer extracellular vesicles encompassing exosomes. The optofluidic system has high sensing performance with nearly 70 1/RIU figure-of-merit enabling detection of on average 0.41 nanoparticle/µm2 and real-time measurements of extracellular vesicles binding from down to 204 femtomolar solutions. Our biosensors provide the robustness of spectrometric approaches while substituting complex instrumentation with a single-wavelength light source and a complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor camera, paving the way toward miniaturized devices for point-of-care diagnostics.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23257-y

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