Vapor-phased fabrication and modulation of cell-laden scaffolding materials

Chih-Yu Wu, Ting-Ying Wu, Zhen-Yu Guan, Peng-Yuan Wang, Yen-Ching Yang, Chao-Wei Huang, Tzu-Hung Lin and Hsien-Yeh Chen ()
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Chih-Yu Wu: National Taiwan University
Ting-Ying Wu: National Taiwan University
Zhen-Yu Guan: National Taiwan University
Peng-Yuan Wang: Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yen-Ching Yang: National Taiwan University
Chao-Wei Huang: National Pingtung University of Science and Technology
Tzu-Hung Lin: Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute
Hsien-Yeh Chen: National Taiwan University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Bottom–up approaches using building blocks of modules to fabricate scaffolds for tissue engineering applications have enabled the fabrication of structurally complex and multifunctional materials allowing for physical and chemical flexibility to better mimic the native extracellular matrix. Here we report a vapor-phased fabrication process for constructing three-dimensional modulated scaffold materials via simple steps based on controlling mass transport of vapor sublimation and deposition. We demonstrate the fabrication of scaffolds comprised of multiple biomolecules and living cells with built-in boundaries separating the distinct compartments containing defined biological configurations and functions. We show that the fabricated scaffolds have mass production potential. We demonstrate overall >80% cell viability of encapsulated cells and that modulated scaffolds exhibit enhanced cell proliferation, osteogenesis, and neurogenesis, which can be assembled into various geometric configurations. We perform cell co-culture experiments to show independent osteogenesis and angiogenesis activities from separate compartments in one scaffold construct.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23776-8

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