Nanoscale bubble domains with polar topologies in bulk ferroelectrics

Jie Yin, Hongxiang Zong, Hong Tao, Xuefei Tao, Haijun Wu (), Yang Zhang, Li-Dong Zhao, Xiangdong Ding, Jun Sun, Jianguo Zhu, Jiagang Wu () and Stephen J. Pennycook ()
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Jie Yin: Sichuan University
Hongxiang Zong: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Hong Tao: Sichuan University
Xuefei Tao: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Haijun Wu: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Yang Zhang: Instrumental Analysis Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an Jiaotong University
Li-Dong Zhao: Beihang University
Xiangdong Ding: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jun Sun: Xi’an Jiaotong University
Jianguo Zhu: Sichuan University
Jiagang Wu: Sichuan University
Stephen J. Pennycook: National University of Singapore

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Multitudinous topological configurations spawn oases of many physical properties and phenomena in condensed-matter physics. Nano-sized ferroelectric bubble domains with various polar topologies (e.g., vortices, skyrmions) achieved in ferroelectric films present great potential for valuable physical properties. However, experimentally manipulating bubble domains has remained elusive especially in the bulk form. Here, in any bulk material, we achieve self-confined bubble domains with multiple polar topologies in bulk Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 ferroelectrics, especially skyrmions, as validated by direct Z-contrast imaging. This phenomenon is driven by the interplay of bulk, elastic and electrostatic energies of coexisting modulated phases with strong and weak spontaneous polarizations. We demonstrate reversable and tip-voltage magnitude/time-dependent donut-like domain morphology evolution towards continuously and reversibly modulated high-density nonvolatile ferroelectric memories.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23863-w

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