Atomic-scale regulation of anionic and cationic migration in alkali metal batteries

Pan Xiong, Fan Zhang, Xiuyun Zhang, Yifan Liu, Yunyan Wu, Shijian Wang, Javad Safaei, Bing Sun, Renzhi Ma, Zongwen Liu, Yoshio Bando, Takayoshi Sasaki, Xin Wang, Junwu Zhu () and Guoxiu Wang ()
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Pan Xiong: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Fan Zhang: University of Technology Sydney
Xiuyun Zhang: Yangzhou University
Yifan Liu: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Yunyan Wu: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Shijian Wang: University of Technology Sydney
Javad Safaei: University of Technology Sydney
Bing Sun: University of Technology Sydney
Renzhi Ma: National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
Zongwen Liu: The University of Sydney
Yoshio Bando: National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
Takayoshi Sasaki: National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
Xin Wang: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Junwu Zhu: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Guoxiu Wang: University of Technology Sydney

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract The regulation of anions and cations at the atomic scale is of great significance in membrane-based separation technologies. Ionic transport regulation techniques could also play a crucial role in developing high-performance alkali metal batteries such as alkali metal-sulfur and alkali metal-selenium batteries, which suffer from the non-uniform transport of alkali metal ions (e.g., Li+ or Na+) and detrimental shuttling effect of polysulfide/polyselenide anions. These drawbacks could cause unfavourable growth of alkali metal depositions at the metal electrode and irreversible consumption of cathode active materials, leading to capacity decay and short cycling life. Herein, we propose the use of a polypropylene separator coated with negatively charged Ti0.87O2 nanosheets with Ti atomic vacancies to tackle these issues. In particular, we demonstrate that the electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged Ti0.87O2 nanosheets and polysulfide/polyselenide anions reduce the shuttling effect. Moreover, the Ti0.87O2-coated separator regulates the migration of alkali ions ensuring a homogeneous ion flux and the Ti vacancies, acting as sub-nanometric pores, promote fast alkali-ion diffusion.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24399-9

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