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In-situ nanospectroscopic imaging of plasmon-induced two-dimensional [4+4]-cycloaddition polymerization on Au(111)

Feng Shao (), Wei Wang, Weimin Yang, Zhilin Yang, Yao Zhang, Jinggang Lan (), A. Dieter Schlüter and Renato Zenobi ()
Additional contact information
Feng Shao: University of Manchester
Wei Wang: East China Normal University
Weimin Yang: Xiamen University
Zhilin Yang: Xiamen University
Yao Zhang: University of Science and Technology of China
Jinggang Lan: University of Zurich
A. Dieter Schlüter: Polymer Chemistry, ETH Zurich
Renato Zenobi: Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Plasmon-induced chemical reactions (PICRs) have recently become promising approaches for highly efficient light-chemical energy conversion. However, an in-depth understanding of their mechanisms at the nanoscale still remains challenging. Here, we present an in-situ investigation by tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) imaging of the plasmon-induced [4+4]-cycloaddition polymerization within anthracene-based monomer monolayers physisorbed on Au(111), and complement the experimental results with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This two-dimensional (2D) polymerization can be flexibly triggered and manipulated by the hot carriers, and be monitored simultaneously by TERS in real time and space. TERS imaging provides direct evidence for covalent bond formation with ca. 3.7 nm spatial resolution under ambient conditions. Combined with DFT calculations, the TERS results demonstrate that the lateral polymerization on Au(111) occurs by a hot electron tunneling mechanism, and crosslinks form via a self-stimulating growth mechanism. We show that TERS is promising to be plasmon-induced nanolithography for organic 2D materials.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24856-5

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