An umbrella review of the evidence associating diet and cancer risk at 11 anatomical sites

Nikos Papadimitriou, Georgios Markozannes, Afroditi Kanellopoulou, Elena Critselis, Sumayah Alhardan, Vaia Karafousia, John C. Kasimis, Chrysavgi Katsaraki, Areti Papadopoulou, Maria Zografou, David S. Lopez, Doris S. M. Chan, Maria Kyrgiou, Evangelia Ntzani, Amanda J. Cross, Michael T. Marrone, Elizabeth A. Platz, Marc J. Gunter and Konstantinos K. Tsilidis ()
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Nikos Papadimitriou: University of Ioannina School of Medicine
Georgios Markozannes: University of Ioannina School of Medicine
Afroditi Kanellopoulou: University of Ioannina School of Medicine
Elena Critselis: Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens
Sumayah Alhardan: Imperial College London
Vaia Karafousia: University of Ioannina School of Medicine
John C. Kasimis: University of Ioannina School of Medicine
Chrysavgi Katsaraki: Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens
Areti Papadopoulou: University of Ioannina School of Medicine
Maria Zografou: University of Ioannina School of Medicine
David S. Lopez: University of Texas Medical Branch
Doris S. M. Chan: Imperial College London
Maria Kyrgiou: Imperial College London
Evangelia Ntzani: University of Ioannina School of Medicine
Amanda J. Cross: Imperial College London
Michael T. Marrone: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Elizabeth A. Platz: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Marc J. Gunter: International Agency for Research on Cancer
Konstantinos K. Tsilidis: University of Ioannina School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract There is evidence that diet and nutrition are modifiable risk factors for several cancers, but associations may be flawed due to inherent biases. Nutritional epidemiology studies have largely relied on a single assessment of diet using food frequency questionnaires. We conduct an umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies to evaluate the strength and validity of the evidence for the association between food/nutrient intake and risk of developing or dying from 11 primary cancers. It is estimated that only few single food/nutrient and cancer associations are supported by strong or highly suggestive meta-analytic evidence, and future similar research is unlikely to change this evidence. Alcohol consumption is positively associated with risk of postmenopausal breast, colorectal, esophageal, head & neck and liver cancer. Consumption of dairy products, milk, calcium and wholegrains are inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk. Coffee consumption is inversely associated with risk of liver cancer and skin basal cell carcinoma.

Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-24861-8

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24861-8

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