Thickness-independent scalable high-performance Li-S batteries with high areal sulfur loading via electron-enriched carbon framework

Nana Wang, Xiao Zhang, Zhengyu Ju, Xingwen Yu, Yunxiao Wang, Yi Du, Zhongchao Bai (), Shixue Dou and Guihua Yu ()
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Nana Wang: University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way
Xiao Zhang: The University of Texas at Austin
Zhengyu Ju: The University of Texas at Austin
Xingwen Yu: The University of Texas at Austin
Yunxiao Wang: University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way
Yi Du: University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way
Zhongchao Bai: University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way
Shixue Dou: University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way
Guihua Yu: The University of Texas at Austin

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Increasing the energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries necessitates the maximization of their areal capacity, calling for thick electrodes with high sulfur loading and content. However, traditional thick electrodes often lead to sluggish ion transfer kinetics as well as decreased electronic conductivity and mechanical stability, leading to their thickness-dependent electrochemical performance. Here, free-standing and low-tortuosity N, O co-doped wood-like carbon frameworks decorated with carbon nanotubes forest (WLC-CNTs) are synthesized and used as host for enabling scalable high-performance Li-sulfur batteries. EIS-symmetric cell examinations demonstrate that the ionic resistance and charge-transfer resistance per unit electro-active surface area of S@WLC-CNTs do not change with the variation of thickness, allowing the thickness-independent electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries. With a thickness of up to 1200 µm and sulfur loading of 52.4 mg cm−2, the electrode displays a capacity of 692 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 C with a low E/S ratio of 6. Moreover, the WLC-CNTs framework can also be used as a host for lithium to suppress dendrite growth. With these specific lithiophilic and sulfiphilic features, Li-S full cells were assembled and exhibited long cycling stability.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24873-4

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