Landscape heterogeneity buffers biodiversity of simulated meta-food-webs under global change through rescue and drainage effects

Remo Ryser, Myriam R. Hirt, Johanna Häussler, Dominique Gravel and Ulrich Brose ()
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Remo Ryser: German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig
Myriam R. Hirt: German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig
Johanna Häussler: German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig
Dominique Gravel: Université de Sherbrooke
Ulrich Brose: German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Habitat fragmentation and eutrophication have strong impacts on biodiversity. Metacommunity research demonstrated that reduction in landscape connectivity may cause biodiversity loss in fragmented landscapes. Food-web research addressed how eutrophication can cause local biodiversity declines. However, there is very limited understanding of their cumulative impacts as they could amplify or cancel each other. Our simulations of meta-food-webs show that dispersal and trophic processes interact through two complementary mechanisms. First, the ‘rescue effect’ maintains local biodiversity by rapid recolonization after a local crash in population densities. Second, the ‘drainage effect’ stabilizes biodiversity by preventing overshooting of population densities on eutrophic patches. In complex food webs on large spatial networks of habitat patches, these effects yield systematically higher biodiversity in heterogeneous than in homogeneous landscapes. Our meta-food-web approach reveals a strong interaction between habitat fragmentation and eutrophication and provides a mechanistic explanation of how landscape heterogeneity promotes biodiversity.

Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-24877-0

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24877-0

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