The middle lipin domain adopts a membrane-binding dimeric protein fold

Weijing Gu, Shujuan Gao, Huan Wang, Kaelin D. Fleming, Reece M. Hoffmann, Jong Won Yang, Nimi M. Patel, Yong Mi Choi, John E. Burke, Karen Reue () and Michael V. Airola ()
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Weijing Gu: Stony Brook University
Shujuan Gao: Stony Brook University
Huan Wang: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Kaelin D. Fleming: University of Victoria
Reece M. Hoffmann: University of Victoria
Jong Won Yang: Stony Brook University
Nimi M. Patel: Stony Brook University
Yong Mi Choi: Stony Brook University
John E. Burke: University of Victoria
Karen Reue: David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Michael V. Airola: Stony Brook University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Phospholipid synthesis and fat storage as triglycerides are regulated by lipin phosphatidic acid phosphatases (PAPs), whose enzymatic PAP function requires association with cellular membranes. Using hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, we find mouse lipin 1 binds membranes through an N-terminal amphipathic helix, the Ig-like domain and HAD phosphatase catalytic core, and a middle lipin (M-Lip) domain that is conserved in mammalian and mammalian-like lipins. Crystal structures of the M-Lip domain reveal a previously unrecognized protein fold that dimerizes. The isolated M-Lip domain binds membranes both in vitro and in cells through conserved basic and hydrophobic residues. Deletion of the M-Lip domain in lipin 1 reduces PAP activity, membrane association, and oligomerization, alters subcellular localization, diminishes acceleration of adipocyte differentiation, but does not affect transcriptional co-activation. This establishes the M-Lip domain as a dimeric protein fold that binds membranes and is critical for full functionality of mammalian lipins.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24929-5

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