Protective humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist up to 1 year after recovery

Chengqian Feng, Jingrong Shi, Qinghong Fan, Yaping Wang, Huang Huang, Fengjuan Chen, Guofang Tang, Youxia Li, Pingchao Li, Jiaojiao Li, Jianping Cui, Liliangzi Guo, Sisi Chen, Mengling Jiang, Liqiang Feng, Ling Chen, Chunliang Lei, Changwen Ke, Xilong Deng (), Fengyu Hu (), Xiaoping Tang () and Feng Li ()
Additional contact information
Chengqian Feng: Guangzhou Medical University
Jingrong Shi: Guangzhou Medical University
Qinghong Fan: Guangzhou Medical University
Yaping Wang: Guangzhou Medical University
Huang Huang: Guangzhou Medical University
Fengjuan Chen: Guangzhou Medical University
Guofang Tang: Guangzhou Medical University
Youxia Li: Guangzhou Medical University
Pingchao Li: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jiaojiao Li: Guangzhou Medical University
Jianping Cui: Guangzhou Medical University
Liliangzi Guo: Guangzhou Medical University
Sisi Chen: Guangzhou Medical University
Mengling Jiang: Guangzhou Medical University
Liqiang Feng: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ling Chen: Guangzhou Medical University
Chunliang Lei: Guangzhou Medical University
Changwen Ke: Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Xilong Deng: Guangzhou Medical University
Fengyu Hu: Guangzhou Medical University
Xiaoping Tang: Guangzhou Medical University
Feng Li: Guangzhou Medical University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has been launched worldwide to build effective population-level immunity to curb the spread of this virus. The effectiveness and duration of protective immunity is a critical factor for public health. Here, we report the kinetics of the SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response in 204 individuals up to 1-year after recovery from COVID-19. RBD-IgG and full-length spike-IgG concentrations and serum neutralizing capacity decreases during the first 6-months, but is maintained stably up to 1-year after hospital discharge. Even individuals who had generated high IgG levels during early convalescent stages had IgG levels that had decreased to a similar level one year later. Notably, the RBD-IgG level positively correlates with serum neutralizing capacity, suggesting the representative role of RBD-IgG in predicting serum protection. Moreover, viral-specific cellular immune protection, including spike and nucleoprotein specific, persisted between 6 months and 12 months. Altogether, our study supports the persistence of viral-specific protective immunity over 1 year.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25312-0

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