Moisture-induced autonomous surface potential oscillations for energy harvesting

Yu Long, Peisheng He, Zhichun Shao, Zhaoyang Li, Han Kim, Archie Mingze Yao, Yande Peng, Renxiao Xu, Christine Heera Ahn, Seung-Wuk Lee, Junwen Zhong () and Liwei Lin ()
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Yu Long: University of California Berkeley
Peisheng He: University of California Berkeley
Zhichun Shao: University of California Berkeley
Zhaoyang Li: University of Macau
Han Kim: University of California Berkeley
Archie Mingze Yao: Tsinghua University
Yande Peng: University of California Berkeley
Renxiao Xu: University of California Berkeley
Christine Heera Ahn: University of California Berkeley
Seung-Wuk Lee: University of California Berkeley
Junwen Zhong: University of California Berkeley
Liwei Lin: University of California Berkeley

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract A variety of autonomous oscillations in nature such as heartbeats and some biochemical reactions have been widely studied and utilized for applications in the fields of bioscience and engineering. Here, we report a unique phenomenon of moisture-induced electrical potential oscillations on polymers, poly([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide-co-acrylic acid), during the diffusion of water molecules. Chemical reactions are modeled by kinetic simulations while system dynamic equations and the stability matrix are analyzed to show the chaotic nature of the system which oscillates with hidden attractors to induce the autonomous surface potential oscillation. Using moisture in the ambient environment as the activation source, this self-excited chemoelectrical reaction could have broad influences and usages in surface-reaction based devices and systems. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, an energy harvester is constructed and achieved the continuous energy production for more than 15,000 seconds with an energy density of 16.8 mJ/cm2. A 2-Volts output voltage has been produced to power a liquid crystal display toward practical applications with five energy harvesters connected in series.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25554-y

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