Tunable unidirectional nonlinear emission from transition-metal-dichalcogenide metasurfaces

Mudassar Nauman, Jingshi Yan, Domenico de Ceglia (), Mohsen Rahmani, Khosro Zangeneh Kamali, Costantino De Angelis, Andrey E. Miroshnichenko (), Yuerui Lu () and Dragomir N. Neshev ()
Additional contact information
Mudassar Nauman: School of Engineering, Australian National University
Jingshi Yan: ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University
Domenico de Ceglia: University of Padova
Mohsen Rahmani: Advanced Optics and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University
Khosro Zangeneh Kamali: ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University
Costantino De Angelis: University of Brescia
Andrey E. Miroshnichenko: School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales
Yuerui Lu: School of Engineering, Australian National University
Dragomir N. Neshev: ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Nonlinear light sources are central to a myriad of applications, driving a quest for their miniaturisation down to the nanoscale. In this quest, nonlinear metasurfaces hold a great promise, as they enhance nonlinear effects through their resonant photonic environment and high refractive index, such as in high-index dielectric metasurfaces. However, despite the sub-diffractive operation of dielectric metasurfaces at the fundamental wave, this condition is not fulfilled for the nonlinearly generated harmonic waves, thereby all nonlinear metasurfaces to date emit multiple diffractive beams. Here, we demonstrate the enhanced single-beam second- and third-harmonic generation in a metasurface of crystalline transition-metal-dichalcogenide material, offering the highest refractive index. We show that the interplay between the resonances of the metasurface allows for tuning of the unidirectional second-harmonic radiation in forward or backward direction, not possible in any bulk nonlinear crystal. Our results open new opportunities for metasurface-based nonlinear light-sources, including nonlinear mirrors and entangled-photon generation.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25717-x

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