Scattering interference signature of a pair density wave state in the cuprate pseudogap phase

Shuqiu Wang, Peayush Choubey, Yi Xue Chong, Weijiong Chen, Wangping Ren, H. Eisaki, S. Uchida, Peter J. Hirschfeld and J. C. Séamus Davis ()
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Shuqiu Wang: University of Oxford
Peayush Choubey: Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Yi Xue Chong: Cornell University
Weijiong Chen: University of Oxford
Wangping Ren: University of Oxford
H. Eisaki: Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Tech., Tsukuba
S. Uchida: Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Tech., Tsukuba
Peter J. Hirschfeld: University of Florida
J. C. Séamus Davis: University of Oxford

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract An unidentified quantum fluid designated the pseudogap (PG) phase is produced by electron-density depletion in the CuO2 antiferromagnetic insulator. Current theories suggest that the PG phase may be a pair density wave (PDW) state characterized by a spatially modulating density of electron pairs. Such a state should exhibit a periodically modulating energy gap $${\Delta }_{{{{{{\rm{P}}}}}}}({{{{{\boldsymbol{r}}}}}})$$ Δ P ( r ) in real-space, and a characteristic quasiparticle scattering interference (QPI) signature $${\Lambda }_{{{{{{\rm{P}}}}}}}({{{{{\boldsymbol{q}}}}}})$$ Λ P ( q ) in wavevector space. By studying strongly underdoped Bi2Sr2CaDyCu2O8 at hole-density ~0.08 in the superconductive phase, we detect the 8a0-periodic $${\Delta }_{{{{{{\rm{P}}}}}}}({{{{{\boldsymbol{r}}}}}})$$ Δ P ( r ) modulations signifying a PDW coexisting with superconductivity. Then, by visualizing the temperature dependence of this electronic structure from the superconducting into the pseudogap phase, we find the evolution of the scattering interference signature $$\Lambda ({{{{{\boldsymbol{q}}}}}})$$ Λ ( q ) that is predicted specifically for the temperature dependence of an 8a0-periodic PDW. These observations are consistent with theory for the transition from a PDW state coexisting with d-wave superconductivity to a pure PDW state in the Bi2Sr2CaDyCu2O8 pseudogap phase.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26028-x

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