Sympathetic cooling of positrons to cryogenic temperatures for antihydrogen production

C. J. Baker, W. Bertsche, A. Capra, C. L. Cesar, M. Charlton, A. Cridland Mathad, S. Eriksson, A. Evans, N. Evetts, S. Fabbri, J. Fajans, T. Friesen, M. C. Fujiwara, P. Grandemange, P. Granum, J. S. Hangst, M. E. Hayden, D. Hodgkinson, C. A. Isaac, M. A. Johnson, J. M. Jones, S. A. Jones, S. Jonsell, L. Kurchaninov, N. Madsen (), D. Maxwell (), J. T. K. McKenna, S. Menary, T. Momose, P. Mullan, K. Olchanski, A. Olin, J. Peszka, A. Powell, P. Pusa, C. Ø. Rasmussen, F. Robicheaux, R. L. Sacramento, M. Sameed, E. Sarid, D. M. Silveira, G. Stutter, C. So, T. D. Tharp, R. I. Thompson, D. P. Werf and J. S. Wurtele
Additional contact information
C. J. Baker: Swansea University
W. Bertsche: University of Manchester
A. Capra: TRIUMF
C. L. Cesar: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
M. Charlton: Swansea University
A. Cridland Mathad: Swansea University
S. Eriksson: Swansea University
A. Evans: University of Calgary
N. Evetts: University of British Columbia
S. Fabbri: University of Manchester
J. Fajans: University of California at Berkeley
T. Friesen: University of Calgary
M. C. Fujiwara: TRIUMF
P. Grandemange: TRIUMF
P. Granum: Aarhus University
J. S. Hangst: Aarhus University
M. E. Hayden: Simon Fraser University
D. Hodgkinson: University of Manchester
C. A. Isaac: Swansea University
M. A. Johnson: University of Manchester
J. M. Jones: Swansea University
S. A. Jones: Aarhus University
S. Jonsell: Stockholm University
L. Kurchaninov: TRIUMF
N. Madsen: Swansea University
D. Maxwell: Swansea University
J. T. K. McKenna: Aarhus University
S. Menary: York University
T. Momose: University of British Columbia
P. Mullan: Swansea University
K. Olchanski: TRIUMF
A. Olin: TRIUMF
J. Peszka: Swansea University
A. Powell: University of Calgary
P. Pusa: University of Liverpool
C. Ø. Rasmussen: CERN
F. Robicheaux: Purdue University
R. L. Sacramento: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
M. Sameed: University of Manchester
E. Sarid: Soreq NRC
D. M. Silveira: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
G. Stutter: Aarhus University
C. So: University of Calgary
T. D. Tharp: Marquette University
R. I. Thompson: University of Calgary
D. P. Werf: Swansea University
J. S. Wurtele: University of California at Berkeley

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract The positron, the antiparticle of the electron, predicted by Dirac in 1931 and discovered by Anderson in 1933, plays a key role in many scientific and everyday endeavours. Notably, the positron is a constituent of antihydrogen, the only long-lived neutral antimatter bound state that can currently be synthesized at low energy, presenting a prominent system for testing fundamental symmetries with high precision. Here, we report on the use of laser cooled Be+ ions to sympathetically cool a large and dense plasma of positrons to directly measured temperatures below 7 K in a Penning trap for antihydrogen synthesis. This will likely herald a significant increase in the amount of antihydrogen available for experimentation, thus facilitating further improvements in studies of fundamental symmetries.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26086-1

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