Modified Bose-Einstein condensation in an optical quantum gas

Mario Vretenar, Chris Toebes and Jan Klaers ()
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Mario Vretenar: Adaptive Quantum Optics (AQO), MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente
Chris Toebes: Adaptive Quantum Optics (AQO), MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente
Jan Klaers: Adaptive Quantum Optics (AQO), MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Open quantum systems can be systematically controlled by making changes to their environment. A well-known example is the spontaneous radiative decay of an electronically excited emitter, such as an atom or a molecule, which is significantly influenced by the feedback from the emitter’s environment, for example, by the presence of reflecting surfaces. A prerequisite for a deliberate control of an open quantum system is to reveal the physical mechanisms that determine its state. Here, we investigate the Bose-Einstein condensation of a photonic Bose gas in an environment with controlled dissipation and feedback. Our measurements offer a highly systematic picture of Bose-Einstein condensation under non-equilibrium conditions. We show that by adjusting their frequency Bose-Einstein condensates naturally try to avoid particle loss and destructive interference in their environment. In this way our experiments reveal physical mechanisms involved in the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate, which typically remain hidden when the system is close to thermal equilibrium.

Date: 2021
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-26087-0

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26087-0

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