ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) protects Syrian hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 and B.1.1.7

Robert J. Fischer, Neeltje van Doremalen, Danielle R. Adney, Claude Kwe Yinda, Julia R. Port, Myndi G. Holbrook, Jonathan E. Schulz, Brandi N. Williamson, Tina Thomas, Kent Barbian, Sarah L. Anzick, Stacy Ricklefs, Brian J. Smith, Dan Long, Craig Martens, Greg Saturday, Emmie de Wit, Sarah C. Gilbert, Teresa Lambe and Vincent J. Munster ()
Additional contact information
Robert J. Fischer: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Neeltje van Doremalen: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Danielle R. Adney: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Claude Kwe Yinda: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Julia R. Port: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Myndi G. Holbrook: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Jonathan E. Schulz: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Brandi N. Williamson: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Tina Thomas: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Kent Barbian: National Institutes of Health
Sarah L. Anzick: National Institutes of Health
Stacy Ricklefs: National Institutes of Health
Brian J. Smith: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Dan Long: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Craig Martens: National Institutes of Health
Greg Saturday: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Emmie de Wit: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health
Sarah C. Gilbert: University of Oxford
Teresa Lambe: University of Oxford
Vincent J. Munster: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract We investigated ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 in Syrian hamsters. We previously showed protection against SARS-CoV-2 disease and pneumonia in hamsters vaccinated with a single dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. Here, we observe a 9.5-fold reduction of virus neutralizing antibody titer in vaccinated hamster sera against B.1.351 compared to B.1.1.7. Vaccinated hamsters challenged with B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 do not lose weight compared to control animals. In contrast to control animals, the lungs of vaccinated animals do not show any gross lesions. Minimal to no viral subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) and no infectious virus can be detected in lungs of vaccinated animals. Histopathological evaluation shows extensive pulmonary pathology caused by B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 replication in the control animals, but none in the vaccinated animals. These data demonstrate the effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against clinical disease caused by B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 VOCs.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26178-y

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