The ascending arousal system shapes neural dynamics to mediate awareness of cognitive states

Brandon R. Munn (), Eli J. Müller, Gabriel Wainstein and James M. Shine ()
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Brandon R. Munn: Complex Systems Research Group, The University of Sydney
Eli J. Müller: Complex Systems Research Group, The University of Sydney
Gabriel Wainstein: Complex Systems Research Group, The University of Sydney
James M. Shine: Complex Systems Research Group, The University of Sydney

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Models of cognitive function typically focus on the cerebral cortex and hence overlook functional links to subcortical structures. This view does not consider the role of the highly-conserved ascending arousal system’s role and the computational capacities it provides the brain. We test the hypothesis that the ascending arousal system modulates cortical neural gain to alter the low-dimensional energy landscape of cortical dynamics. Here we use spontaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging data to study phasic bursts in both locus coeruleus and basal forebrain, demonstrating precise time-locked relationships between brainstem activity, low-dimensional energy landscapes, network topology, and spatiotemporal travelling waves. We extend our analysis to a cohort of experienced meditators and demonstrate locus coeruleus-mediated network dynamics were associated with internal shifts in conscious awareness. Together, these results present a view of brain organization that highlights the ascending arousal system’s role in shaping both the dynamics of the cerebral cortex and conscious awareness.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26268-x

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