The cell envelope of Staphylococcus aureus selectively controls the sorting of virulence factors

Xuhui Zheng, Gerben Marsman, Keenan A. Lacey, Jessica R. Chapman, Christian Goosmann, Beatrix M. Ueberheide and Victor J. Torres ()
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Xuhui Zheng: New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York
Gerben Marsman: Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology
Keenan A. Lacey: New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York
Jessica R. Chapman: New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York
Christian Goosmann: Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology
Beatrix M. Ueberheide: New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York
Victor J. Torres: New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Staphylococcus aureus bi-component pore-forming leukocidins are secreted toxins that directly target and lyse immune cells. Intriguingly, one of the leukocidins, Leukocidin AB (LukAB), is found associated with the bacterial cell envelope in addition to secreted into the extracellular milieu. Here, we report that retention of LukAB on the bacterial cells provides S. aureus with a pre-synthesized active toxin that kills immune cells. On the bacteria, LukAB is distributed as discrete foci in two distinct compartments: membrane-proximal and surface-exposed. Through genetic screens, we show that a membrane lipid, lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol (LPG), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) contribute to LukAB deposition and release. Furthermore, by studying non-covalently surface-bound proteins we discovered that the sorting of additional exoproteins, such as IsaB, Hel, ScaH, and Geh, are also controlled by LPG and LTA. Collectively, our study reveals a multistep secretion system that controls exoprotein storage and protein translocation across the S. aureus cell wall.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26517-z

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