Diet composition influences the metabolic benefits of short cycles of very low caloric intake

Alberto Diaz-Ruiz (), Tyler Rhinesmith, Laura C. D. Pomatto-Watson, Nathan L. Price, Farzin Eshaghi, Margaux R. Ehrlich, Jacqueline M. Moats, Melissa Carpenter, Annamaria Rudderow, Sebastian Brandhorst, Julie A. Mattison, Miguel A. Aon, Michel Bernier, Valter D. Longo and Rafael Cabo ()
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Alberto Diaz-Ruiz: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Tyler Rhinesmith: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Laura C. D. Pomatto-Watson: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Nathan L. Price: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Farzin Eshaghi: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Margaux R. Ehrlich: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Jacqueline M. Moats: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Melissa Carpenter: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Annamaria Rudderow: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Sebastian Brandhorst: University of Southern California
Julie A. Mattison: Nonhuman Primate Core, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging
Miguel A. Aon: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Michel Bernier: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
Valter D. Longo: University of Southern California
Rafael Cabo: Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Diet composition, calories, and fasting times contribute to the maintenance of health. However, the impact of very low-calorie intake (VLCI) achieved with either standard laboratory chow (SD) or a plant-based fasting mimicking diet (FMD) is not fully understood. Here, using middle-aged male mice we show that 5 months of short 4:10 VLCI cycles lead to decreases in both fat and lean mass, accompanied by improved physical performance and glucoregulation, and greater metabolic flexibility independent of diet composition. A long-lasting metabolomic reprograming in serum and liver is observed in mice on VLCI cycles with SD, but not FMD. Further, when challenged with an obesogenic diet, cycles of VLCI do not prevent diet-induced obesity nor do they elicit a long-lasting metabolic memory, despite achieving modest metabolic flexibility. Our results highlight the importance of diet composition in mediating the metabolic benefits of short cycles of VLCI.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26654-5

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