Electron shelving of a superconducting artificial atom

Nathanaël Cottet, Haonan Xiong, Long B. Nguyen, Yen-Hsiang Lin and Vladimir E. Manucharyan ()
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Nathanaël Cottet: University of Maryland
Haonan Xiong: University of Maryland
Long B. Nguyen: University of Maryland
Yen-Hsiang Lin: University of Maryland
Vladimir E. Manucharyan: University of Maryland

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Interfacing long-lived qubits with propagating photons is a fundamental challenge in quantum technology. Cavity and circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) architectures rely on an off-resonant cavity, which blocks the qubit emission and enables a quantum non-demolition (QND) dispersive readout. However, no such buffer mode is necessary for controlling a large class of three-level systems that combine a metastable qubit transition with a bright cycling transition, using the electron shelving effect. Here we demonstrate shelving of a circuit atom, fluxonium, placed inside a microwave waveguide. With no cavity modes in the setup, the qubit coherence time exceeds 50 μs, and the cycling transition’s radiative lifetime is under 100 ns. By detecting a homodyne fluorescence signal from the cycling transition, we implement a QND readout of the qubit and account for readout errors using a minimal optical pumping model. Our result establishes a resource-efficient (cavityless) alternative to cQED for controlling superconducting qubits.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26686-x

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