High-harmonic generation in Weyl semimetal β-WP2 crystals

Yang-Yang Lv, Jinlong Xu (), Shuang Han, Chi Zhang, Yadong Han, Jian Zhou, Shu-Hua Yao (), Xiao-Ping Liu, Ming-Hui Lu, Hongming Weng, Zhenda Xie (), Y. B. Chen (), Jianbo Hu, Yan-Feng Chen and Shining Zhu
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Yang-Yang Lv: Nanjing University
Jinlong Xu: Nanjing University
Shuang Han: Nanjing University
Chi Zhang: Nanjing University
Yadong Han: China Academy of Engineering Physics
Jian Zhou: Nanjing University
Shu-Hua Yao: Nanjing University
Xiao-Ping Liu: Shanghai Tech University
Ming-Hui Lu: Nanjing University
Hongming Weng: Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhenda Xie: Nanjing University
Y. B. Chen: Nanjing University
Jianbo Hu: China Academy of Engineering Physics
Yan-Feng Chen: Nanjing University
Shining Zhu: Nanjing University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract As a quantum material, Weyl semimetal has a series of electronic-band-structure features, including Weyl points with left and right chirality and corresponding Berry curvature, which have been observed in experiments. These band-structure features also lead to some unique nonlinear properties, especially high-order harmonic generation (HHG) due to the dynamic process of electrons under strong laser excitation, which has remained unexplored previously. Herein, we obtain effective HHG in type-II Weyl semimetal β-WP2 crystals, where both odd and even orders are observed, with spectra extending into the vacuum ultraviolet region (190 nm, 10th order), even under fairly low femtosecond laser intensity. In-depth studies have interpreted that odd-order harmonics come from the Bloch electron oscillation, while even orders are attributed to Bloch oscillations under the “spike-like” Berry curvature at Weyl points. With crystallographic orientation-dependent HHG spectra, we further quantitatively retrieved the electronic band structure and Berry curvature of β-WP2. These findings may open the door for exploiting metallic/semimetallic states as solid platforms for deep ultraviolet radiation and offer an all-optical and pragmatic solution to characterize the complicated multiband electronic structure and Berry curvature of quantum topological materials.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26766-y

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