Type VI secretion system mutations reduced competitive fitness of classical Vibrio cholerae biotype

Benjamin Kostiuk, Francis J. Santoriello, Laura Diaz-Satizabal, Fabiana Bisaro, Kyung-Jo Lee, Anna N. Dhody, Daniele Provenzano (), Daniel Unterweger () and Stefan Pukatzki ()
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Benjamin Kostiuk: University of Alberta
Francis J. Santoriello: University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus
Laura Diaz-Satizabal: University of Alberta
Fabiana Bisaro: The City College of New York
Kyung-Jo Lee: The City College of New York
Anna N. Dhody: The College of Physicians of Philadelphia
Daniele Provenzano: University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Blvd
Daniel Unterweger: Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology
Stefan Pukatzki: The City College of New York

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of the diarrhoeal disease cholera and is responsible for seven recorded pandemics. Several factors are postulated to have led to the decline of 6th pandemic classical strains and the rise of El Tor biotype V. cholerae, establishing the current 7th pandemic. We investigated the ability of classical V. cholerae of the 2nd and 6th pandemics to engage their type six secretion system (T6SS) in microbial competition against non-pandemic and 7th pandemic strains. We report that classical V. cholerae underwent sequential mutations in T6SS genetic determinants that initially exposed 2nd pandemic strains to microbial attack by non-pandemic strains and subsequently caused 6th pandemic strains to become vulnerable to El Tor biotype V. cholerae intraspecific competition. The chronology of these T6SS-debilitating mutations agrees with the decline of 6th pandemic classical strains and the emergence of 7th pandemic El Tor V. cholerae.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26847-y

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