Mapping protein carboxymethylation sites provides insights into their role in proteostasis and cell proliferation

Simone Sanzo, Katrin Spengler, Anja Leheis, Joanna M. Kirkpatrick, Theresa L. Rändler, Tim Baldensperger, Therese Dau, Christian Henning, Luca Parca, Christian Marx, Zhao-Qi Wang, Marcus A. Glomb, Alessandro Ori () and Regine Heller ()
Additional contact information
Simone Sanzo: Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)
Katrin Spengler: Jena University Hospital
Anja Leheis: Jena University Hospital
Joanna M. Kirkpatrick: Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)
Theresa L. Rändler: Jena University Hospital
Tim Baldensperger: Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
Therese Dau: Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)
Christian Henning: Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
Luca Parca: Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza
Christian Marx: Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)
Zhao-Qi Wang: Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)
Marcus A. Glomb: Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg
Alessandro Ori: Leibniz Institute on Aging – Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI)
Regine Heller: Jena University Hospital

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-22

Abstract: Abstract Posttranslational mechanisms play a key role in modifying the abundance and function of cellular proteins. Among these, modification by advanced glycation end products has been shown to accumulate during aging and age-associated diseases but specific protein targets and functional consequences remain largely unexplored. Here, we devise a proteomic strategy to identify sites of carboxymethyllysine modification, one of the most abundant advanced glycation end products. We identify over 1000 sites of protein carboxymethylation in mouse and primary human cells treated with the glycating agent glyoxal. By using quantitative proteomics, we find that protein glycation triggers a proteotoxic response and indirectly affects the protein degradation machinery. In primary endothelial cells, we show that glyoxal induces cell cycle perturbation and that carboxymethyllysine modification reduces acetylation of tubulins and impairs microtubule dynamics. Our data demonstrate the relevance of carboxymethyllysine modification for cellular function and pinpoint specific protein networks that might become compromised during aging.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26982-6

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