Photoluminescence mechanism of carbon dots: triggering high-color-purity red fluorescence emission through edge amino protonation

Qing Zhang (), Ruoyu Wang, Bowen Feng, Xiaoxia Zhong () and Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
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Qing Zhang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Ruoyu Wang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Bowen Feng: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Xiaoxia Zhong: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov: Queensland University of Technology (QUT)

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Due to complex structure and surface functionalities, photoluminescence mechanisms of Carbon Dots are unknown, and it is challenging to synthesize Carbon Dots to achieve the desired optical properties. Herein, Carbon Dots simultaneously exhibiting high-color-purity (FWHM~24 nm) long wavelength one-photon fluorescence emission at 620 nm and NIR induced two-photon fluorescence emission at 630 and 680 nm are prepared by edge amino protonation treatment. Systematic analysis reveals that the protonation of 2,3-diaminophenazine changes the molecular state of Carbon Dots, decreases the photon transition band gap, and triggers red fluorescence emission with the dramatically narrowed peak width. As the oxidation products of reactant o-phenylendiamine, the emergence of 2,3-diaminophenazine as a photoluminescence determiner suggests that fluorophore products of precursor conversion are viable determinants of the desired luminescence properties of Carbon Dots. This work shows a new way for predicting and controlling photoluminescence properties of Carbon Dots, and may guide the development of tunable Carbon Dots for a broad range of applications.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27071-4

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