RIPK1 dephosphorylation and kinase activation by PPP1R3G/PP1γ promote apoptosis and necroptosis

Jingchun Du, Yougui Xiang, Hua Liu, Shuzhen Liu, Ashwani Kumar, Chao Xing and Zhigao Wang ()
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Jingchun Du: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Yougui Xiang: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Hua Liu: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Shuzhen Liu: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Ashwani Kumar: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Chao Xing: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Zhigao Wang: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) is a key regulator of inflammation and cell death. Many sites on RIPK1, including serine 25, are phosphorylated to inhibit its kinase activity and cell death. How these inhibitory phosphorylation sites are dephosphorylated is poorly understood. Using a sensitized CRISPR whole-genome knockout screen, we discover that protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3G (PPP1R3G) is required for RIPK1-dependent apoptosis and type I necroptosis. Mechanistically, PPP1R3G recruits its catalytic subunit protein phosphatase 1 gamma (PP1γ) to complex I to remove inhibitory phosphorylations of RIPK1. A PPP1R3G mutant which does not bind PP1γ fails to rescue RIPK1 activation and cell death. Furthermore, chemical prevention of RIPK1 inhibitory phosphorylations or mutation of serine 25 of RIPK1 to alanine largely restores cell death in PPP1R3G-knockout cells. Finally, Ppp1r3g−/− mice are protected from tumor necrosis factor-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome, confirming the important role of PPP1R3G in regulating apoptosis and necroptosis in vivo.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27367-5

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