Strategies to package recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus expressing the N-terminal gasdermin domain for tumor treatment

Yuan Lu, Wenbo He, Xin Huang, Yu He, Xiaojuan Gou, Xiaoke Liu, Zhe Hu, Weize Xu, Khaista Rahman, Shan Li, Sheng Hu (), Jie Luo () and Gang Cao ()
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Yuan Lu: Huazhong Agricultural University
Wenbo He: Huazhong Agricultural University
Xin Huang: Huazhong Agricultural University
Yu He: Huazhong Agricultural University
Xiaojuan Gou: Huazhong Agricultural University
Xiaoke Liu: Huazhong Agricultural University
Zhe Hu: Huazhong Agricultural University
Weize Xu: Huazhong Agricultural University
Khaista Rahman: Huazhong Agricultural University
Shan Li: Huazhong Agricultural University
Sheng Hu: Hubei Cancer Hospital, Huazhong Agricultural University
Jie Luo: Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine
Gang Cao: Huazhong Agricultural University

Nature Communications, 2021, vol. 12, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Pyroptosis induced by the N-terminal gasdermin domain (GSDMNT) holds great potential for anti-tumor therapy. However, due to the extreme cytoxicity of GSDMNT, it is challenging to efficiently produce and deliver GSDMNT into tumor cells. Here, we report the development of two strategies to package recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) expressing GSDMNT: 1) drive the expression of GSDMNT by a mammal specific promoter and package the virus in Sf9 insect cells to avoid its expression; 2) co-infect rAAV-Cre to revert and express the double-floxed inverted GSDMNT. We demonstrate that these rAAVs can induce pyroptosis and prolong survival in preclinical cancer models. The oncolytic-viruses induce pyroptosis and evoke a robust immune-response. In a glioblastoma model, rAAVs temporarily open the blood-brain barrier and recruit tumor infiltrating lymphocytes into the brain. The oncolytic effect is further improved in combination with anti-PD-L1. Together, our strategies efficiently produce and deliver GSDMNT into tumor cells and successfully induce pyroptosis, which can be exploited for anti-tumor therapy.

Date: 2021
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27407-0

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