Effect of the supergravity on the formation and cycle life of non-aqueous lithium metal batteries

Yuliang Gao, Fahong Qiao, Jingyuan You, Zengying Ren, Nan Li, Kun Zhang, Chao Shen, Ting Jin and Keyu Xie ()
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Yuliang Gao: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)
Fahong Qiao: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)
Jingyuan You: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)
Zengying Ren: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)
Nan Li: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)
Kun Zhang: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)
Chao Shen: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)
Ting Jin: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)
Keyu Xie: Northwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene (NPU)

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Extra-terrestrial explorations require electrochemical energy storage devices able to operate in gravity conditions different from those of planet earth. In this context, lithium (Li)-based batteries have not been fully investigated, especially cell formation and cycling performances under supergravity (i.e., gravity > 9.8 m s−2) conditions. To shed some light on these aspects, here, we investigate the behavior of non-aqueous Li metal cells under supergravity conditions. The physicochemical and electrochemical characterizations reveal that, distinctly from earth gravity conditions, smooth and dense Li metal depositions are obtained under supergravity during Li metal deposition on a Cu substrate. Moreover, supergravity allows the formation of an inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) due to the strong interactions between Li+ and salt anions, which promote significant decomposition of the anions on the negative electrode surface. Tests in full Li metal pouch cell configuration (using LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2-based positive electrode and LiFSI-based electrolyte solution) also demonstrate the favorable effect of the supergravity in terms of deposition morphology and SEI composition and ability to carry out 200 cycles at 2 C (400 mA g−1) rate with a capacity retention of 96%.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27429-8

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