The formation of avian montane diversity across barriers and along elevational gradients

José Martín Pujolar, Mozes P. K. Blom, Andrew Hart Reeve, Jonathan D. Kennedy, Petter Zahl Marki, Thorfinn S. Korneliussen, Benjamin G. Freeman, Katerina Sam, Ethan Linck, Tri Haryoko, Bulisa Iova, Bonny Koane, Gibson Maiah, Luda Paul, Martin Irestedt and Knud Andreas Jønsson ()
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José Martín Pujolar: University of Copenhagen
Mozes P. K. Blom: Swedish Museum of Natural History
Andrew Hart Reeve: University of Copenhagen
Jonathan D. Kennedy: University of Copenhagen
Petter Zahl Marki: University of Copenhagen
Thorfinn S. Korneliussen: University of Copenhagen
Benjamin G. Freeman: Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia
Katerina Sam: Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology
Ethan Linck: University of New Mexico
Tri Haryoko: Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)
Bulisa Iova: Papua New Guinea National Museum and Art Gallery
Bonny Koane: The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre
Gibson Maiah: The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre
Luda Paul: The New Guinea Binatang Research Centre
Martin Irestedt: Swedish Museum of Natural History
Knud Andreas Jønsson: University of Copenhagen

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Tropical mountains harbor exceptional concentrations of Earth’s biodiversity. In topographically complex landscapes, montane species typically inhabit multiple mountainous regions, but are absent in intervening lowland environments. Here we report a comparative analysis of genome-wide DNA polymorphism data for population pairs from eighteen Indo-Pacific bird species from the Moluccan islands of Buru and Seram and from across the island of New Guinea. We test how barrier strength and relative elevational distribution predict population differentiation, rates of historical gene flow, and changes in effective population sizes through time. We find population differentiation to be consistently and positively correlated with barrier strength and a species’ altitudinal floor. Additionally, we find that Pleistocene climate oscillations have had a dramatic influence on the demographics of all species but were most pronounced in regions of smaller geographic area. Surprisingly, even the most divergent taxon pairs at the highest elevations experience gene flow across barriers, implying that dispersal between montane regions is important for the formation of montane assemblages.

Date: 2022
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-27858-5

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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27858-5

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