Cooling low-dimensional electron systems into the microkelvin regime

Lev V. Levitin (), Harriet van der Vliet, Terje Theisen, Stefanos Dimitriadis, Marijn Lucas, Antonio D. Corcoles, Ján Nyéki, Andrew J. Casey, Graham Creeth, Ian Farrer, David A. Ritchie, James T. Nicholls and John Saunders
Additional contact information
Lev V. Levitin: University of London
Harriet van der Vliet: University of London
Terje Theisen: University of London
Stefanos Dimitriadis: University of London
Marijn Lucas: University of London
Antonio D. Corcoles: University of London
Ján Nyéki: University of London
Andrew J. Casey: University of London
Graham Creeth: University College London
Ian Farrer: University of Cambridge
David A. Ritchie: University of Cambridge
James T. Nicholls: University of London
John Saunders: University of London

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) with high mobility, engineered in semiconductor heterostructures host a variety of ordered phases arising from strong correlations, which emerge at sufficiently low temperatures. The 2DEG can be further controlled by surface gates to create quasi-one dimensional systems, with potential spintronic applications. Here we address the long-standing challenge of cooling such electrons to below 1 mK, potentially important for identification of topological phases and spin correlated states. The 2DEG device was immersed in liquid 3He, cooled by the nuclear adiabatic demagnetization of copper. The temperature of the 2D electrons was inferred from the electronic noise in a gold wire, connected to the 2DEG by a metallic ohmic contact. With effective screening and filtering, we demonstrate a temperature of 0.9 ± 0.1 mK, with scope for significant further improvement. This platform is a key technological step, paving the way to observing new quantum phenomena, and developing new generations of nanoelectronic devices exploiting correlated electron states.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28222-x

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