Femtometer-amplitude imaging of coherent super high frequency vibrations in micromechanical resonators

Lei Shao (), Vikrant J. Gokhale, Bo Peng, Penghui Song, Jingjie Cheng, Justin Kuo, Amit Lal, Wen-Ming Zhang and Jason J. Gorman ()
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Lei Shao: National Institute of Standards and Technology
Vikrant J. Gokhale: National Institute of Standards and Technology
Bo Peng: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Penghui Song: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Jingjie Cheng: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Justin Kuo: Cornell University
Amit Lal: Cornell University
Wen-Ming Zhang: Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Jason J. Gorman: National Institute of Standards and Technology

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Dynamic measurement of femtometer-displacement vibrations in mechanical resonators at microwave frequencies is critical for a number of emerging high-impact technologies including 5G wireless communications and quantum state generation, storage, and transfer. However, the resolution of continuous-wave laser interferometry, the method most commonly used for imaging vibration wavefields, has been limited to vibration amplitudes just below a picometer at several gigahertz. This is insufficient for these technologies since vibration amplitudes precipitously decrease for increasing frequency. Here we present a stroboscopic optical sampling approach for the transduction of coherent super high frequency vibrations. Phase-sensitive absolute displacement detection with a noise floor of 55 fm/√Hz for frequencies up to 12 GHz is demonstrated, achieving higher bandwidth and significantly lower noise floor simultaneously compared to previous work. An acoustic microresonator with resonances above 10 GHz and displacements smaller than 70 fm is measured using the presented method to reveal complex mode superposition, dispersion, and anisotropic propagation.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28223-w

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