Aluminum-copper alloy anode materials for high-energy aqueous aluminum batteries

Qing Ran, Hang Shi, Huan Meng, Shu-Pei Zeng, Wu-Bin Wan, Wei Zhang, Zi Wen, Xing-You Lang () and Qing Jiang ()
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Qing Ran: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University
Hang Shi: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University
Huan Meng: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University
Shu-Pei Zeng: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University
Wu-Bin Wan: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University
Wei Zhang: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University
Zi Wen: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University
Xing-You Lang: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University
Qing Jiang: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Electron Microscopy Center, Jilin University

Nature Communications, 2022, vol. 13, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Aqueous aluminum batteries are promising post-lithium battery technologies for large-scale energy storage applications because of the raw materials abundance, low costs, safety and high theoretical capacity. However, their development is hindered by the unsatisfactory electrochemical behaviour of the Al metal electrode due to the presence of an oxide layer and hydrogen side reaction. To circumvent these issues, we report aluminum-copper alloy lamellar heterostructures as anode active materials. These alloys improve the Al-ion electrochemical reversibility (e.g., achieving dendrite-free Al deposition during stripping/plating cycles) by using periodic galvanic couplings of alternating anodic α-aluminum and cathodic intermetallic Al2Cu nanometric lamellas. In symmetric cell configuration with a low oxygen concentration (i.e., 0.13 mg L−1) aqueous electrolyte solution, the lamella-nanostructured eutectic Al82Cu18 alloy electrode allows Al stripping/plating for 2000 h with an overpotential lower than ±53 mV. When the Al82Cu18 anode is tested in combination with an AlxMnO2 cathode material, the aqueous full cell delivers specific energy of ~670 Wh kg−1 at 100 mA g−1 and an initial discharge capacity of ~400 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 with a capacity retention of 83% after 400 cycles.

Date: 2022
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28238-3

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